By George Klein, Sidney Weinhouse, Alexander Haddow (Eds.)
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1969). IV. lrnrnunotherapy The model systems used in experimental cancer research do not accurately reflect the important clinical situation. I n animals, immunotherapeutic procedures are usually assessed by their effect on the growth of the primary tumor. I n man, localized disease can in most cases be effectively eradicated by surgery or by radiotherapy and the problem is to deal with metastastic spread. We have argued that circulating cytotoxic antibody is necessary to prevent blood-borne tumor cells from establishing themselves as new metastases but that existing metastastic lesions can only be effectively attacked by immune lymphoid cells.
The mode of action, as well as the nature of the active principle in the subcellular fractions has not been determined. Our working hypothesis was t ha t RNA from the immunoblasts produced a phenotypic transformation in some of the host cells and caused these to acquire immunologically specific antitumor activity (cf. Mannick and Egdahl, 1964; Wilson and Wecker, 1966). In the initial experiments we wished to use a preparation that contained all of the RNA present in the lymphocytes. The method of extraction needed to achieve this gave an extract that contained in addition t o the RNA considerable amounts of DNA and some trazes of protein.
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